Perspectives on African Leadership, NEPAD, the African Union, Etc.

Leadership & Governance Capacity Building in African Countries: Why and How Well-Off and Accomplished Africans, Especially "Brain Drain" Africans, Should Proactively Take Charge of Fostering African Progress

"Africa is beyond bemoaning the past for its problems. The task of undoing that past is on the shoulders of African leaders themselves, with the support of those willing to join in a continental renewal. We have a new generation of leaders who know that Africa must take responsibility for its own destiny, that Africa will uplift itself only by its own efforts in partnership with those who wish her well." .......Nelson Mandela

The listing below is by no means complete and is continually expanded and updated. Suggestions of articles, papers, and other documents that merit inclusion in the list are welcome. Please send links or articles/documents to: editor@africanprogress.net.

Listings are largely in reverse chronological order.

The Africa Governance Monitoring and Advocacy Project (AfriMAP)

The Africa Governance Inventory (AGI) Web Portal

Governance Links - UNDP

2005

Africa: A historic opportunity - G8 Communique on Africa. 8 July 2005

5th African Union Summit -- 28 June - 5 July 2005

Africa Economic Summit. A call to action. 1-3 June 2005, Cape Town, South Africa

Zimbabwe's Enabler: South Africa Falls Short As Monitor of Democracy. Sebastian Mallaby. Washington Post. April 4, 2005.

Zimbabwe Polls Free And Fair: SADC, African Union. The Herald (Harare). April 4, 2005.

Observers back Zimbabwe poll. BBC News. April 4, 2005.

Second Nigerian minister sacked. Nigeria's president sacks his housing minister, the second top official to go in his anti-corruption drive. BBC News. 4 April 2005

Balogun Faces N13bn 70-Count Charge • Osomo Sacked, Wabara Quits. ThisDay (Nigeria). 5 April 2005

Nigeria's graft fighter - Nigerian's war against corruption. BBC News. 28 March 2005. Nuhu Ribadu faces a mammoth task Nigeria has acquired a terrible worldwide reputation for corruption and financial crimes, including 419 scams. The BBC's Yusuf Mohammed profiles the man tasked with fighting the fraudsters.

Obasanjo's thankless task. BBC News. 7 October 2004

Anti-corruption lessons for Nigerians. 22 June, 2004. Sola Odunfa. BBC, Lagos. An anti-corruption curriculum is set to be introduced acoss all public schools and universities in Nigeria.

Our Common Interest: The Report of the Blair Commission for Africa. 2005

Striving for Good Governance in Africa - Synopsis of the African Governance Report 2005. Economic Commission for Africa

2004

December 2, 2004, An Evening in Celebration of the Founders and Leaders of the New Economic Partnership for Africa's Development - NEPAD. The Leon H. Sullivan Foundation.

Leon H. Sullivan Foundation Celebrates New Partnership for Africa's Development. December 8, 2004. allAfrica.com

Sullivan Foundation honours President Obasanjo. Nigeriafirst.org. 06 December, 2004.

The New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD). Africa Media-Image Project News Brief. December 6, 2004

African Development Forum IV. Governance for a Progressing Africa. 11 - 15 October 2004

Report Shows African Governance Improving, Calls for Action Plan to Address Weaknesses. ECA Press Release 24/2004

Striving for Good Governance in Africa. Synopsis of the African Governance Report 2005.

Presentation of the AGR report

Audio: K.Y.Amoako, Executive Secretary of the ECA, speaks on the ADF process and why governance is so important to Africa's progress.

Governance Heads Agenda at Fourth African Development Forum. Press Release. UN Economic Commission for Africa (ECA). 24 September 2004.

Second Meeting of the Commission for Africa. 7-8 October, 2004, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

How Africa's leaders keep the people poor. Charles Onyango-Obbo. East African (Kenya). 11 October 2004. There's a Mbeki who's been making headlines in South Africa in recent weeks. And it's not President Thabo Mbeki, but his brother Moeletsi. The younger Mbeki, deputy president of South Africa's Institute of International Affairs, made world headlines when he said Africans were better off under colonialism. "The average African is poorer [today] than during the age of colonialism," he said, accusing Africa's post-colonial rulers of wasting their nations' resources.

Politics of Misery (Africa & the International Community). Jim Hoagland. Washington Post. 19 August 2004.

Economic Report on Africa 2004. UN Economic Commission for Africa.

Economic Report on Africa 2004 Published, Highlights Trade. UN Economic Commission for Africa. ECA Press Release 20/04, Addis Ababa, 29 September 2004. Trade liberalization alone will not boost growth and poverty reduction in Africa.

Public Sector Management Reforms in Africa. UN Economic Commission for Africa.

Assessing Regional Integration in Africa. UN Economic Commission for Africa. The report provides a comprehensive evaluation of the state of Africa's integration process, showing where efforts have succeeded or failed including why intra African trade remains low; and how lack of macro-economic policy convergence and insufficient infrastructures hamper integration. 14 July 2004.

Scoring African Leadership for Better Health. UN Economic Commission for Africa.

Crafting the New Nigeria: Confronting the Challenges. Robert I.Rotberg, John Paden, Richard Sklar, Rotimi Suberu, Itse Sagay, Peter Lewis, Patrick Utomi, Darren Kew, Bronwen Manby, Daniel Smith, William Reno, and Mahmud Tukur. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers. September 2004 (forthcoming).

New US Focus on Africa. Robert I. Rotberg. Boston Globe. 7 July 2004.

Africa: Side by Side...But in Starkly Different Worlds. Robert I. Rotberg. LA Times. 4 July 2004.

Strengthening African Leadership. Robert I. Rotberg. Foreign Affairs, July/August 2004.

African Leadership: The Next 10 Years. 14 April 2004.

KSG works to improve leadership: KSG's Rotberg helped facilitate African leadership effort. April 08, 2004. Alvin Powell. Harvard University Gazette

African Leadership Project - African Leadership Council. Leadership in Africa: The Mombasa Declaration. Mission Statement. Code of African Leadership . Capacity Building Curriculum. 20 March 2004. World Peace Foundation.

African Union Meetings 2004

The Civil Society Declaration, Addis Ababa, June 26-27, 2004

Declaration of the African Union-Private Sector Forum. Addis Ababa, 27 June 2004

Speech by Dr. K.Y. Amoako, UN Under-Secretary General and Executive Secretary of ECA.

Opening Address by the Chairperson of the Commission of the African Union, H. E. Alpha Oumar Konare

The 3rd Ordinary Session of the Assembly of the African Union. 6-8 July, 2004

The 5th Ordinary Session of the Executive Council. 30 June - 3 July, 2004

Statement By His Excellency Joaquim Alberto Chissano President of the Republic of Mozambique and Chairperson of the African Union on the Occasion of the 3rd Au Summit

Acceptance Speech of His Excellency, President Olusegun Obasanjo, on His Election As The Chairman of the Assembly of the African Union - 6 July 2004

Address By Mr. Alpha Oumar Konare, Chairperson of the Commission of the African Union, on the Occasion of the Opening of the Third Ordinary Session of the Assembly of the African Union

Seizing sovereignty in Africa. BBC News. 1 July 2004. Recent conflicts in Sudan, Liberia and Ivory Coast have ignited discussion about foreign intervention in failing states.

Should bad leaders be removed by force? 25 June 2004. BBC News Online Debate. Power in Iraq has been now formally handed over to an interim Iraqi government by the occupying coalition forces.

Public service key to NEPAD's success. 24 June 2004. The Secretary-General commented that the four pillars of NEPAD -- peace and security; democracy and good governance; regional co-operation and integration; and capacity-building -- parallel the Millennium Development Goals and the goals of the Commonwealth

Key to the Success of NEPAD is Public Service. 23 June 2004. Commonwealth News and Information Service.

How deep is corruption in Africa? 18 June 2004. BBC News Online Debate. In Nigeria, the international oil giant Shell admitted that it inadvertently fed conflict, poverty and corruption through its oil activities in the country.

What Africa Wants (Public Opinion Survey). 16 June 2004. Richard Dowden. The Guardian (UK). A third of Africans feel worse off this year than last and half feel the world is going in the wrong direction, according to a survey of nearly 8,000 Africans to be published today.

African Leaders Seek G8 Follow-Through. 10 June 2004. allafrica.com

G8 and African Leadership in the War on AIDS and Extreme Poverty. 07 June 2004. DATA (Debt-AIDS-Trade-Africa).

Building a Better Africa. 09 June 2004. Thabo Mbeki. The Washington Post.

Africa Launches Peer Review Test With Ghana. 04 June 2004. World Bank Press Review

Rating Plan Will Act As Sanction. 04 June 2004. Nasreen Seria. Business Day (South Africa). Business leaders said yesterday that a proposed rating system for African countries would act as a sanction for errant nations. This would force countries to toe the line in the absence of a formalised system under the New Partnership for African Development...

Chissano Urges World to Note Positive Changes in Africa. Participants hear of success stories and action plans on closing day of Africa Economic Summit. 4 June 2004. World Economic Forum.

Africa Economic Summit 2004: Engaging Business in Development. Maputo, Mozambique 2-4 June 2004. Press Releases, Session Summaries, Etc.

What’s Holding Back Africa’s Growth? World Economic Forum. 03 June 2004

African Leadership for Tomorrow. World Economic Forum. 03 June 2004

WEF Report Says Africa's Growth Was Worst Economic Tragedy Of 20th Century. World Bank Press Review. 03 June 2004.

Corrupters Should be Punished Too, Says South African Finance Minister: Companies involved in corruption should be "named and shamed". World Economic Forum. 03 June 2004.

Aspirations Over Africa's Future: African leaders at Africa Economic Summit 2004 express hopes for continent's future. World Economic Forum. 03 June 2004.

Africa Competitiveness Report 2004

Press Release: Africa Competitiveness Report 2004 - Identifying Problems and Offering Solutions to Africa's Economic Performance. Press Release. 2 June 2004. World Economic Forum. Index ranks 25 African nations on competitiveness.

Commission for Africa: "No Place to Hide" (Blair Commission). 03 June 2004. allAfrica.com

African 'No' to Stronger Peer Review. 03 June 2004. Business Day (South Africa). Rob Rose and Nasreen Seria. Call by business to rein in errant governments is dismissed by leaders. African leaders have dismissed calls for the continent's peer review mechanism to be given additional muscle to censure errant governments.

Media workshops to focus attention on NEPAD. 3 June 2004

A New Face For US Aid? (MCA). June 2004. eAfrica Journal / South African Institute of International Affairs

Freedom, Prosperity, and Security: The G8 Partnership with Africa: Sea Island 2004 and Beyond. May 2004. A Council on Foreign Relations Special Report. J. Brian Atwood and Robert S. Browne, Co-Chairs. Princeton N. Lyman, Project Director.

Infrastructure, food top NEPAD development concern. 24 May 2004. Xinhua News Agency

Companies 'shirking' their NEPAD obligations. 24 May 2004. Rob Rose. Business Day (South Africa)

Developing Africa's economy: Doing the sums on Africa. Jeffrey Sachs. The Economist. 20 May 2004. Small amounts spent on promoting Africa's economy can save billions and make the West more secure.

NEPAD Gets a Nudge: Maputo Meeting Refines Africa's Development Agenda. 20 May 2004. Michael van Winden. eAfrica - The Electronic Journal of Governance and Innovation. South African Institute of International Affairs NEPAD and Governance project. African and Western policymakers refine agenda for continent's development.

Progress Report on ECA/OECD “Mutual Review of Development Effectiveness”. Georges Ogboro. Economic Commission for Africa. 19 May 2004

Overview of Recent Economic and Social Conditions in Africa. Agustin Fosu. Economic Commission for Africa.18 May 2004.

Addressing Nigeria's Economic Problems and the Islamist Terrorist Threat. 19 May 2004. Ariel Cohen and Brett D. Schaefer. Heritage Foundation

Gaddafi urges African solutions. BBC News. 16 May 2004. The Libyan leader tells a regional summit in Mali that outside powers should not intervene in Africa's conflicts.

Africa: Deepening Regional Integration. 06 May 2004. Development Policy Management Forum

Africa Commission's uphill task. BBC News. 04 May 2004. Steve Schifferes.

What are the challenges facing Africa? BBC News. Forum/Opinions. 04 May 04 New plan tackles Africa problems. BBC News. 03 May 04

Kufuor is Blazing Trail for Africa - Tony Blair. April 28, 2004. allAfrica.com. Accra Mail (Accra).

A Continent for the Taking: The Tragedy and Hope of Africa. Howard W. French. April 2004. (Knopf)

Review: Africa's Lost Decades - A Reporter's Lament. Akwe Amosu. April 23, 2004. allAfrica.com

Pan-African Parliament now a reality. Gumisai Mutume. Africa Recovery, April 2004.

US Promotes Development and Governance in Africa to Counter Terrorism. April 16 2004

For stable Africa, Zimbabwe needs a change of leadership. 02 April 2004. Todd Moss. Center for Global Development

Africa's Oil Tycoons. Daphne Eviatar. The Nation (USA). 12 April 2004. Western firms and government leaders, not the people, benefit from Angola's wealth.

Promoting Transparency in the African Oil Sector. March 2004. A Report of the CSIS Task Force on Rising U.S. Energy Stakes in Africa. Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), Washington, DC. Cochairs: David L. Goldwyn, J. Stephen Morrison. The CSIS Task Force on Rising U.S. Energy Stakes in Africa project.

Promoting Accountability and Transparency in Africa’s Oil Sector: Reform Efforts in Nigeria, Angola, and Sao Tomé and Principe - Conference Agenda. The CSIS Task Force on “Rising U.S. Energy Stakes in Africa”. Center for Strategic and International Studies. March 30, 2004

Nice Start, Moammar. Just a Couple of Other Things... 28 March 2004. Tom Donnelly and Vance Serchuk. The Washington Post. ...The latest addition to the Bush-Blair alliance in the war on terrorism is -- we're not making this up -- Col. Moammar Gaddafi.

Blair Hails New Libyan Relations. 25 March 2004. BBC News

Is Blair Right to Visit Libya? Opinions. BBC News

Rising to the Challenge of Good Governance in Liberia. 26 March 2004. Tamela Hultman.

Kenya Defers NEPAD Peer Review. 26 March 2004. James Macharia. The East African Standard (Kenya)

Time for Transparency: Coming Clean on Oil, Mining and Gas Revenues. 25 March 2004. Global Witness Limited (London). Revenue Transparency: A Priority for Good Governance and Energy Security

Angolan President's Aide Reacts to Global Witness Report. 25 March 2004. Angola Press Agency

Is Blair's New Africa Commission Letting the Cat Out of the Bag? 24 March 2004. Chinua Akukwe. Business Day (South Africa).

African Leaders Draw Code of Ethics. Mshenga Mwacardo. The Nation (Kenya). 22 March 2004.

West Africa's New Challenge: Making Peace Pay. 21 March 2004. The World Bank. An outbreak of peace gives West Africa’s 245 million people hope for a more prosperous future.

ECOWAS Leaders, World Bank Head Push Regional Approaches On Trade, Infrastructure and Peace

World Bank Tasks Obasanjo on Corruption. 19 March 2004. Reuben Yunana & Christopher Agabi. The Daily Trust (Nigeria)

Editorial: No Sovereignty Without Good Governance. March 2004. eAfrica Journal / South African Institute of International Affairs

What Can Stop Africa's Brain Drain? 19 March 2004. BBC News. Every year hundreds of African students and professionals leave the continent for studies or to seek greener pastures abroad.

African unity becomes reality. 18 March 2004. Mandy Rossouw

African Union Parliament Set Up. 18 March 2004. African parliamentarians will for the first time debate on continental-wide issues at a new Pan-African parliament.

African Women Launch New Leadership Institute. 17 March 2004.

Capacity Development: The Role of Regional Integration Groupings. UNCTAD meeting with regional integration organizations from Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean to discuss training and capacity development strategies in the fields of international trade, investment and ICT for development. 15-19 March 2004.

Statement of Mr. K.Y. Amoako, Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Africa at the Opening of the Fourth Ordinary Session of the Executive Council of the African Union. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 15 March 2004.

Poverty and Inequality: A Question of Justice?
13 March 2004. The Economist. The toll of global poverty is a scandal. But deploring economic “injustice” is no answer

Global Economic Inequality: More or Less Equal? 13 March 2004. The Economist. Is economic inequality around the world getting better or worse?

Call for Unified African Voice on IMF. 12 March 2004. Helmo Preuss. Business Day (South Africa)

NEPAD: African Leaders Take Stock, Project Into Future. Charles Ozoemena. The Vanguard (Nigeria). 12 March 2004.

Moves to Separate NEPAD from African Union’s Jurisdiction - New Threat to Regional Integration?. 12 March 2004. Third World Network - Africa

Consultative meeting of African Governors on voice and participation of developing and transition countries in the Bretton Woods Institutions
11-12 March 2004. Johannesburg

Communiqué Remarks of the President of South Africa, Thabo Mbeki

Africa's Dangerous Treasure. 10 March 2004. Korinna Horta and Delphine Djiraibe. The Washington Post. Oil production in African countries has often brought, instead of prosperity, greater poverty, destruction of the environment and violent conflict.

Nigeria, Venezuela Top List On Economic, Political Risk Survey. 10 March 2004. Ifeanyi Ugwuadu. The Vanguard (Nigeria). AllAfrica.com

APRM Team Ready to Begin Reviewing African Countries. 09 March 2004.

US Seeks African Partnership In War on Terror. 08 March 2004. Charles Cobb Jr. AllAfrica.com. Trained African Armies Key to Terror Fight in Africa, Says US European Command Deputy

Globalisation and the African State. 08 March 2004. Trevor Manuel, Minister of Finance, Republic of South Africa. Inaugural Global Economic Governance Lecture, Oxford University.

Botswana and NEPAD and the APRM: Two Official Perspectives. 06 Mar 2004. Modise Modise, Permanent Secretary for Development, Botswana

African Growth Overtakes Global Growth. 05 March 2004. Standard Chartered Ghana/LiquidAfrica.com.

NEPAD: African Leaders & Experts at Loggerheads. 05 March 2004. Peter Fabricius. The Star (South Africa). African leaders and the experts running the Nepad African Peer Review Mechanism are at loggerheads. They disagree over whether or not their reports on individual countries should be released to the public in their raw, unedited form.

The Accra Declaration on Technology and Economic Growth in Africa

From the 3rd Annual InterCED Conference on ICT and Economic Development, held in Accra, Ghana, from March 3 to March 5, 2004

Peer Review Mechanism to Put Africa On Path to Recovery. 04 March 2004. BuaNews/AllAfrica.com.

e-Africa: The Electronic Journal of Governance and Innovation - March 2004. NEPAD and Governance Project, South African Institute of International Affairs.

Good Governance and Development in Africa: A Critical Nexus. K. Amoako, Economic Commission for Africa. February 2004.

Africa’s Big States: Toward a New Realism. M. Ottaway, J. Herbst, G. Mills. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. February 2004.

Blair Launches Africa Commission. 27 February 2004. Tony Blair is to set up a commission for Africa which will look at ways to resolve the continent's major problems.

Transparency International urges African leaders to sign and ratify AU and UN Anti-Corruption Conventions. Press Release, 25 February 2004. Effective implementation of the AU and UN conventions is a necessary step towards realizing the goals of the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD), says TI.

The 'Peer Review' Mechanism. Daily Champion (Nigeria). 26 February 2004

Africa: An Underwhelming Response To The Pan-African Parliament. 26 February 2004. Moyiga Nduru. IPS-Inter Press Service News - Africa

Despotic Leaders Beware, Peer Review is Here... Peter Mwangi Kagwanja. The East African (Kenya). 23 February 2004.

NEPAD's 'Peer Review Mechanism'. Weekly Trust (Nigeria). 21 February 2004.

What is the value of NEPAD? Alex de Waal and Tajudeen Abdul Raheem. Africa Analysis, 20 February 2004

Kufuor's Brave Decision (NEPAD Peer Review). E. Ablorh-Odjidja. Accra Mail (Ghana), 18 February 2004.

Strict New Rights Test for Africa's Revival Bid. Jonathan Katzenellenbogen.18 February 2004. Business Day (South Africa). Seventeen leaders sign new bid to instil good governance on continent. African leaders meeting in Kigali, Rwanda, at the weekend claimed a breakthrough in their long-stated goal of submitting their nations' governance and human rights records to review.

Can Peer Review Work in Africa?. BBC News. 17 Feb 2004. African leaders now have a new mechanism for monitoring each other's progress towards political and economic reform but can it work?

Africa: Only 14 African States Pass Democracy Test. 19 February 2004. Business Day (South Africa)

No growth without democracy: NEPAD and Development. 12 Feb 2004. Ivor Sarakinsky. Business Day (South Africa)

2003 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices. US State Department. February 2004.

Why NEPAD and African Politics Don't Mix. Ian Taylor, University of Botswana. Foreign Policy In Focus. 16 February 2004

eAfrica - February 2004

Enough Promises, Africa Needs To Set Priorities
A Business Vision for Africa
The Surveys Behind "A Business Vision for Africa"
Portraits of Graft In the Moi Era
Africa’s Top Priorities: What The Surveys Say
Growth Priorities for Nepad
Freeing Business From A Tangle of Red Tape
Africa Needs Its Own G8 Now

What's Wrong with Africa? Marian L. Tupy. February 9, 2004. Cato Institute.

Human Rights Watch - World Report 2004: Africa on its Own

Human Rights Watch - World Report 2003: Africa

Public Sector Leadership Capacity Development for Good Governance in Africa. (Links to: Final Report; Background Information & Papers; Seminar; Participants; Speeches, Etc.). 27-30 January 2004, Kampala, Uganda.

Survey: Sub-Saharan Africa. The Economist, 15 January 2004.

First get the basics right Africa remains poor mainly because of bad government, says Robert Guest. The remedies look simple, but will be hard to apply.

Mending sub-Saharan Africa. Bad leadership has crippled Africa. But there are, at last, signs of recovery
The rule of big men or the rule of law?

Africa: The Next Battleground in the Terror War. Lisa D. Cook. Hoover Digest, Winter 2004. The failed states of Africa might only too easily become a breeding ground for terrorism. It is time for us to make certain that they don’t.

African Union: New wine in old bottles. Mengisteab Tesfamikeal. 8 January 2004

2003

30th Anniversary Conference Papers - Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa (CODESRIA). December 2003.

African Elite Perspectives: AU and NEPAD: A comparative study across seven African countries. H. Kotzé & C. Steyn, University of Stellenbosch. December 2003.

30th Anniv. Conference Papers. Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa (CODESRIA). December 2003.

Africa's private sector has duty to NEPAD. Dec 22 2003. Dianna Games. Business Day (South Africa)

Rival NEPAD business groups edge closer. Dec 10 2003 Jonathan Katzenellenbogen. Business Day (South Africa)

Making NEPAD Africa's Marshall Plan. Dec 04 2003. Kuseni Dlamini. Business Day (South Africa)

Now NEPAD must walk the talk. Nov 17 2003. Richard Gibb and Greg Mills. Business Day (South Africa)

Commonwealth Snub of Mugabe a Good Start on Regime Change. Robert I. Rotberg. Christian Science Monitor. 04 December 2003.

The Roots of Africa's Leadership Deficit. Robert I. Rotberg. Compass: A Journal of Leadership. October 2003. Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University.

The Economic Paradox of Ghana's Poverty. Michael M. Weinstein. Financial Times, November 10, 2003.

The African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM): An Assessment of Concept and Design. Ravi Kanbur. January 2004.

NEPAD Commentary: The First Wave. August 2003. Ravi Kanbur, Cornell University. Review of:

The New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD): Internal and External Visions. Rachel Hayman, Kenneth King and Simon McGrath (eds.). Centre for African Studies, University of Edinburgh. 2003.

The Challenge of the New Partnership for Africa’s Development, NEPAD. Holger Bernt Hansen and Maj-Britt Johanssen (eds.). University of Copenhagen, North/South Priority Research Area. 2003.

The New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD): An Initial Commentary. 2002. Ravi Kanbur. (Revised version published in Politikon).

NEPAD ideal faces test of reality. Oct 31 2003. Chinua Akukwe. Business Day (South Africa)

Private sector is key to success, NEPAD advised . Oct 29 2003. Sello Motseta. Business Day (South Africa)

A New Partnership Emerges to Develop Africa. Callisto Madavo, Vice President, Africa Region, World Bank. International Herald Tribune/Asahi (Japan). 02 October 2003.

Pragmatism and the gradual shift from dependency to neoliberalism: the World Bank, African leaders and development policy in Africa. Francis Owusu. World Development, October 2003.

Governing Nigeria: Continuing Issues After the Elections. Conference Report. 2003. Deborah L. West, World Peace Foundation, John F. Kennedy School Of Government, Harvard University. Africa Depends on Nigeria; Governance: Questions of Structure and Leadership

Free Africa Foundation Wants African Union Scrapped. Ngumbao Kithi. Daily Nation (Kenya), November 24, 2003.

Africa Needs Tough Love. George Ayittey. Wall Street Journal, July 15, 2003

Failed Leadership [Various articles by George Ayittey, The Free Africa Foundation]

Africa Unchained: The Blueprint for Africa's Future. George Ayittey. 2004. Palgrave Macmillan

Africa in Chaos. George B. N. Ayittey. 1999. St. Martin's Press

Peer Review: Who Owns the Process? October 2003. South African Institute of International Affairs / eAfrica Journal

Making the Millennium Challenge Account Work for Africa - L. Brainard & A. Driscoll, Brookings Institution. September 2003.

Africa and the World Bank : A Partnership for Development. World Bank. September 2003.

Next Steps for U.S. Africa Policy: A Debrief of President Bush's Trip to Africa - Center for Global Development. July 2003

World Economic Forum - Africa Economic Summit 2003 - Africa Agenda Monitor. June 2003

Foreword: Time for Action. Haiko Alfeld, Director, Africa, World Economic Forum

Breaking the Loving Embrace: African Solutions for African Problems. John G. Ruggie Professor of International Affairs, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, USA

NEPAD, the African Peer Review Mechanism and Political Governance. Baroness Lynda Chalker of Wallasey, Chairman, Africa Matters, United Kingdom

World Economic Forum - Africa Economic Summit 2002 Africa Agenda Monitor (on NEPAD). June 2002

Powell Urges African Leaders to End Regional Feuds. David Gollust, US State Department. 27 June 2003

Is There a Crisis of Leadership in Africa? Ali Mufuruki (Chairman/CEO, Infotech Investment Group Ltd., Dar es Salaam, Tanzania). Africa Leadership Initiative.

Media Trust 1st Annual Dialogue: The vindication of Achebe? Mohammed Haruna. Gamji.com.

Nigeria’s requirement is leadership. Mahmud Tukur

Leadership and Governance in Nigeria. Mahmud Tukur. Hodder & Stoughton (1999)

Book Review by Usman Bugaje

Effective Leadership In Africa Under The Spotlight. David Jackson. Business Day (South Africa), October 14, 2003.

African Studies Quarterly. Volume 7, Issue 2 & 3, Fall 2003

At Issue: Responding to Kitching's Why I Left African Studies.

Jagged Fragments: Imperialism, Racism, Hurt, and Honesty. Gavin Kitching.

Obstacles, Challenges, and Consequences of Bringing Democracy to Africa's Authoritarian Governments. Marina S. Ottaway, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. May 29, 2003

Knowledge and Technological Interaction: A Policy Oriented Study of the African Union. Godwin Chukwudum Nwaobi. University of Abuja - Department of Economics. May 2003

The African Union after the Durban 2002 Summit. Maxi Schoeman. 2003. Occasional Paper, Centre of African Studies, University of Copenhagen

Why Nigeria and Africa's Leaders are Leading Us to Nowhere. Herbert Ekwe-Ekwe. USAfricaonline.com

Women Are Africa's Emerging Leadership Class. Charles W. Corey. Africa News Service, August 16, 2003.

Leadership At the Peak - Africa Needs Dedicated Leaders. George W Nyabadza. Africa News Service, June 20, 2003.

African Leaders Assess African leadership. Harvard Gazette. 22 May 2003. Purposefully, and without fanfare, 11 prominent African leaders spent last weekend at the Kennedy School diagnosing the dilemma of elected political leadership in Africa.

Can NEPAD quell Afro-pessimism? 29 April 2003. Christine Thompson and Paul Bell. Business Day (South Africa)

The UNECA and Good Governance In Africa. United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. Harvard International Development Conference, 4-5 April 2003

Nigeria: Bellwether of African Democracy. O. Carl Unegbu. World Policy Journal. Spring 2003

The New National Security Strategy: Focus On Failed States. Susan E. Rice. February 2003. Brookings Institution. Policy Brief #116

Democratic Governance, Regional Integration and Development in Africa. Adebayo Ninalowo. 2003. Development Policy Management Forum, Addis Ababa

Corruption and Poverty: A Review of Recent Literature. E. Chertwynd, F. Chetwynd, B. Spector. January 2003.

A New Dawn for Africa: Who is supporting the New Partnership for Africa's Development? International Policy Dialogue, Development Policy Forum of InWEnt - Capacity Building International, Germany, 14-15 January 2003.

2002

Rating Africa. 2 December 2002. Robert I. Rotberg. Boston Globe.

A Yardstick for the Best and Worst of Africa. 25 November 2002. Robert I. Rotberg. Financial Times.

New Plans for a Better Africa. 19 June 2002. Robert I. Rotberg. Christian Science Monitor.

New Breed of African Leader. 9 January 2002. Robert I. Rotberg. Christian Science Monitor.

NEPAD A New Dawn For Africa? CEOs' Views on the Chances of a Successful African Development Initiative. PricewaterhouseCoopers, 2002.

Governing the African Development Process: The Challenge of the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD). Adebayo Olukoshi. 2002. Occasional Paper, Centre of African Studies, University of Copenhagen

The puppet master's strings. October 17, 2002. Aminatta Forna. The Guardian (UK). While African leaders are more accountable to the west than their own people, democracy will flounder.

College teaches African leaders how to bow out. Michael M. Phillips. The Wall Street Journal, August 27, 2002

African Leaders and the New African Union. Olanrewaju Lawrence. This Day (Nigeria), September 1, 2002.

Can we trust them this time? Olusegun Adeniyi. Africa News Service, This Day (Nigeria), July 18, 2002.

Africa Still Seeking a Winning Formula. Greg Mills And Jonathan Oppenheimer. Business Day (Johannesburg, South Africa), August 16, 2002.

Challenges to the African Union. Addis Tribune (Addis Ababa, Ethiopia), August 9, 2002.

Better Development Through Democracy. Jennifer L. Windsor. The New York Times, July 19, 2002.

Ideas & Trends; A Hint of the Coming Battle for Africa's Future . Rachel L. Swarns. The New York Times, July 14, 2002.

African Leaders Drop Old Group for One That Has Power. Rachel L. Swarns. The New York Times, July 9, 2002.

The G-8 and Africa: A Kernel of Hope. Marina Ottaway, Carnegie Endowment For International Peace, Washington, DC.

Africa's Grand Vision Needs Early Successes. Jonathan Katzenellenbogen. Business Day (Johannesburg, South Africa), July 01, 2002.

Promoting Economic Development in Africa through Accountability and Good Governance. Hearing Before the Committee on International Relations, US House Of Representatives. 107^th Congress. June 27, 2002

Could Africa Be Like America? Adrian Wood. April 2002. Department for International Development (UK).

The New Partnership for Africa's Development and the Global Political Economy: Towards an African Century or Another False Start. Ian Taylor. Paper presented at the Conference on Africa and the Development Challenges of the New Millennium, Accra, Ghana, April 23-26, 2002.

An Alternative Strategy for Africa's Sustainable Economic Development: the Case of non-NEPAD Approach, Tetteh Kofi. Paper presented at the Conference on Africa and the Development Challenges of the New Millennium, Accra, Ghana, April 23-26, 2002.

Financing Africa's Development: Can Aid Dependence Be Avoided? Kwasi Anyemedu. Paper presented at the Conference on Africa and the Development Challenges of the New Millennium, Accra, Ghana, 23-26 April 2002.

Development and the Challenge of Poverty: NEPAD, Post-Washington Consensus and Beyond. Jimi O. Adesina. Paper presented at the Conference on Africa and the Development Challenges of the New Millennium, Accra, Ghana, 23-26 April 2002.

Tough World Out There for Africa's Latest Toddler. John Dludlu. Business Day (South Africa), March 25, 2002. The past month has been a tough one for Africa's latest toddler, the New Partnership for Africa's Development or Nepad. The main troubles now threatening its wellbeing are family squabbles.

Africanism: Good for Africa? Will New Leadership Emerge?. Chris Chatteris. Commonweal, July 12, 2002.

Africa in Conflict Over Democratic Leadership. Barrack Muluka. Africa News Service, July 7, 2002. The East African Standard (Kenya).

Africa's leaders and the crisis in Zimbabwe. Ian Taylor. Contemporary Review, June, 2002.

Africa creeps along path to democracy; but corruption and poverty still cloud political changes. Rachel L. Swarn & Norimitsu Onishi. The New York Times, June 2, 2002.

Assisting Good Governance and Democracy: A Learning Process - Reflections on Developments in Africa. Conference at the GTZ House Berlin on 27 May 2002, organized by BMZ and IDEA (International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance)

The Plight of African States and Good Governance. 2002. The Japan Institute of International Affairs. Sadaharu Kataoka

Africa Does Not Need Foreign Aid But Committed Leadership. Finnigan wa Simbeye. The Perspective, May 10, 2002.

Obasanjo says Africa is not risky. Abhik Kumar Chanda. Business Day (South Africa), April 17 2002.

New Leadership Bringing Change to Africa. Martha Lagace. Harvard Business School Working Knowledge, March 25, 2002

2001

Governance, Democracy and Development in Africa: A Cultural Approach. Ghana Center for Democratic Development. December 2001.

Reducing Poverty in Africa Needs Good Leadership. Elly Wamari. Africa News Service, Dec 7, 2001. Excerpt

A Rogues' Gallery. Canada and the World Backgrounder, December 1, 2001.

Pan-Africanism, Democracy and Leadership In Africa: The Continuing Legacy For The New Millennium. Ali A. Mazrui. The Institute of Global Cultural Studies, Binghamton University, State University of New York.

Africa 'not lucky' in democracy. Ali A. Mazrui. The Namibian. April 23, 2001

Africa Faces a Serious Leadership Crisis, Says Professor. Joe Kaunda. Africa News Service. 06 November 2001.

The Leadership Factor in African Policy Reform and Growth. Clive Gray and Malcolm McPherson. Economic Development & Cultural Change, July 2001.

Is Africa On the Move? Malcolm F. McPherson & Arthur A. Goldsmith. African Economic Policy Discussion Paper Number 36, May 2001. Belfer Center for Science & International Affairs, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University

Southern Africa Leadership 'Failing'. BBC News. 16 May, 2001.

Afro-Pessimism and African Leadership. Wafula Okumo. The Perspective, April 5, 2001

Quality of Leadership in Africa. Bola A. Akinterinwa. This Day (Nigeria), March 26, 2001.

2000

The U.S. Keeps Looking for a Few Good Men. Blaine Harden. The New York Times, August 27, 2000.

Risk, Rule, and Reason in Africa. Arthur A. Goldsmith. African Economic Policy Discussion Paper Number 46, June 2000. Belfer Center for Science & International Affairs, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University

The Heart of the Matter. The Economist, May 13, 2000. Africa's biggest problems stem from its present leaders. But they were created by African society and history. http://www.dehai.org/archives/dehai_news_archive/aug-sept03/0617.html

Whither Africa? Callisto Madavo (VP, Africa Region, The World Bank). Talking points for speech at Georgetown University Leadership Seminars. March 22, 2000

A Good Time for Candor About Africa's Leaders. Bill Berkeley. The New York Times, Jan 17, 2000.

Africa's New Leaders: Democracy or State Reconstruction? Marina Ottaway. 2000. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.

Book Review, by Gail M. Gerhart, Foreign Affairs, March/April 2000]

Africa's "new leaders": African solution or African problem? Marina Ottaway. Current History, May 1998.

Africa and the Challenges of Democracy and Good Governance in the 21st Century. Said Adejumobi. Addis Ababa, 2000.

1997-99

Africa torn apart by bad leadership. Dauti Kahura. Africa News Service, Nov 1, 1999 (The Nation, Kenya, October 31, 1999)

Bad leadership blamed for poverty in Africa. Julius Bosire. Africa News Service, May 17, 1999 (The Nation, Kenya, May 1999)

Think Again: Africa. Marina Ottaway. Foreign Policy, Spring 1999.

Keep Out of Africa. Marina Ottaway. Financial Times, February 25, 1999

Leadership, evil and future-generations orientation: towards a global conversation of cultures. Sohail Inayatullah. Journal of Asian and African Studies, May 1999.

In Defense of Afro-Pessimism. David Rieff. World Policy Journal. Winter 1998/99

The Other Africa: An End to Afro-Pessimism. David F. Gordon and Howard Wolpe. World Policy Journal. Spring 1998

Who has failed Africa? IMF measures or the African leadership. Gerald Scott. Journal of Asian and African Studies, August 1998.

Africa: On the Move? Malcolm McPherson and Arthur A. Goldsmith. SAIS Review 8, 1998.

Leadership factor: the political dimensions of Africa's economic development. Robert I. Rotberg. Harvard International Review, Winter 1998

Towards Better Governance: The Next Stage of Africa’s Journey of Economic Reform. Alassane Ouattara. IMF, June 1998

Democracy, Human Rights, and Good Governance in Africa: French, American, and African Perspectives. June 1998. Conference Report. National Endowment for Democracy, Washington DC.

On Knocking African leaders (Editorial). Anver Versi. African Business, Feb 1998

Authority's changing face in Africa; enlightened leaders, or savvy strongmen? Stephen Buckley. The Washington Post, Feb 2, 1998

Good Governance and Economic Development. African Development Perspectives Yearbook, 1997/98. University of Bremen

Did Colonization Matter for Growth? An Empirical Exploration into the Historical Causes of Africa's Underdevelopment. Graziella Bertocchi, Fabio Canova. 1997

Leadership in African development. Philip C. Aka. Journal of Third World Studies 14, Fall 1997.